Globalization: socioeconomic and cultural process spontaneity which is a growing interdependence and integration of individual national economies. Is due to the rapid and widespread diffusion of technology in telecommunications and transport, the high mobility of capital and implantation of multinationals across the globe.
Trade Liberalization. Profit from measures to remove legal and administrative obstacles that affect economic or financial activity and its objective is to increase competition and sector efficiency measures that address. The process by which governments remove some specific regulations for businesses, in theory, promote the efficient operation of the market, from the state to occupy a mere management supervisor in economic activities regulated by the constraints of the commercial market itself and consumption.
Import: Products and services purchased by a country to other countries
Export: products and services that a country sells to other countries
Trade Balance: Part of the balance of payments contemplated and imports compared to exports tangible goods and a country that is used to record the balance or imbalance in which these transactions are on the outside. If imports are greater than exports and produce a trade deficit if exports exceed imports there is a surplus.
Fee: tax that applies to goods are imported to protect domestic production.
Trade competition: Commercial competition is a powerful mechanism for the proper functioning of the economy. When several competitors selling similar products compete in a market to gain the favor of consumers, strive to offer better deals, products and services. The best deal may be a better product, better quality, good service, or lower price. A cardinal rule of competition is not allowed between competitors and by operators with market power that is abusive or anticompetitive restrain the process of competition and hurt consumers.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) : Total value of goods and services within a country in a given period. It is usually expressed in U.S. dollars. To compare the economies of countries irrespective of their size using the GDP per capita , which divides the total value of production by the number of inhabitants of a country or territory.
Development / Center: concept that refers to a small number of countries concentrated in North America, Europe, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. Developed countries are characterized by a high GDP per capita and HDI. The concept of center referred to are the countries in which decisions are political and economic world influence.
Underdevelopment / Periphery: concept that refers to those countries, mainly in the southern hemisphere with a low GDP per capita and HDI. The concept of periphery refers to the lack of political and economic influence exerted worldwide and its strong dependence on the central countries.
Standard of living: Refers to the level of material comfort (goods and services, including government) that a person or group usually enjoy and quantified using income.
Quality of life: Concept measuring the welfare of an individual or group. Includes not only income but also environmental and social elements. Usually quantified by the HDI.
Quality of life: Concept measuring the welfare of an individual or group. Includes not only income but also environmental and social elements. Usually quantified by the HDI.
HDI: Human Development Index . Is an index whose values \u200b\u200bare measured between 1 and 0, which takes into account three parameters: the health, measured by life expectancy at birth, education, quantified levels of enrollment in the various educational levels and income, calculated with the GDP per capita.
Global Village: A term coined by McLuhan as an expression the growing global human interconnectedness generated by the electronic media (internet, satellite telephone, television, etc.).. The term refers to the idea that, because of the speed of communications, all begin to transform human society and way of life would become similar to that of a village. Due to technological progress, all the inhabitants of the planet begin to know each other and to communicate instantly and directly and establish relationships of economic dependence, social and policy worldwide. The theory emphasizes the concept of the butterfly effect, whereby a certain event in a the world may have global effects
Multinational: company that distribute their production processes and marketing in different parts of the world and consider it as the consumer market.
European Union: supranational political community of twenty-seven countries that are part of Europe, including Spain. Emerged with a view to facilitating economic exchanges in Western Europe, but has moved gradually towards a political integration process, economic and social cohesion and territorial expansion.
International Organizations: Organizations created by agreement between states to serve different purposes. The most important are:
1. UN The United Nations Organization, whose initial goal is to maintain world peace
1. UN The United Nations Organization, whose initial goal is to maintain world peace
2. World Bank Agency economic connected to the UN aimed at providing credit to developing countries
3. International Monetary Fund Financial Agency whose goals are to prevent and alleviate the economic crisis, promote monetary stability to facilitate trade and assist the development of poorer countries.
3. International Monetary Fund Financial Agency whose goals are to prevent and alleviate the economic crisis, promote monetary stability to facilitate trade and assist the development of poorer countries.
4. UNESCO United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture
5. Treaty Organization NATO North Atlantic. Military alliance that emerged during the Cold War, which brought together the block formed by the United States, Canada and Western Europe
6. ILO International Labour Organization, under the UN
7. WHO World Health Organization, under the UN
8. FAO Organization of the United Nations Food and Agriculture
9. WTO World Trade Organization. Its purpose is to monitor compliance with trade agreements between countries. In practice advocates the advancement of free trade agreements continuing GATT, which advocated the restriction of international tariffs and protectionist policies.
10. OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Organization that arises after the Marshall Plan. Brings together the developed and commiserations consists of thirty countries. Its objectives are to coordinate their economic and social policies.
11. G8 group of developed countries whose political influence, economic and military worldwide is large. Are the United States, Japan, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Canada and Russia. They use their weight in international bodies to address the strategies international.
12. G20 The G8 group of countries with greater political influence, economic and military, happens to the G 20, since 1999. Integra also the newly industrialized countries with high demographic and strong influence on regional economies.
5. Treaty Organization NATO North Atlantic. Military alliance that emerged during the Cold War, which brought together the block formed by the United States, Canada and Western Europe
6. ILO International Labour Organization, under the UN
7. WHO World Health Organization, under the UN
8. FAO Organization of the United Nations Food and Agriculture
9. WTO World Trade Organization. Its purpose is to monitor compliance with trade agreements between countries. In practice advocates the advancement of free trade agreements continuing GATT, which advocated the restriction of international tariffs and protectionist policies.
10. OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Organization that arises after the Marshall Plan. Brings together the developed and commiserations consists of thirty countries. Its objectives are to coordinate their economic and social policies.
11. G8 group of developed countries whose political influence, economic and military worldwide is large. Are the United States, Japan, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Canada and Russia. They use their weight in international bodies to address the strategies international.
12. G20 The G8 group of countries with greater political influence, economic and military, happens to the G 20, since 1999. Integra also the newly industrialized countries with high demographic and strong influence on regional economies.
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